Dental disease is a common feline illness, but it often goes undetected. Few cats are willing to keep their mouths open long enough for their owners to search for evidence of a potential problem. It is essential to take a cat to the veterinarian for regular check-ups so that any signs of dental disease will be identified while in their earliest stages.
As with humans and other animals, cats frequently get diseases of the gums and teeth. Build-ups of plaque and tartar cause gingivitis and periodontitis. Also, feline diseases such as kidney failure, feline leukemia virus, and feline immunodeficiency virus can lead to dental disease.
Unlike any other animal, however, cats can develop a potentially serious dental condition called external root resorption, sometimes called "neck" lesions, in which holes or cavitations form in the teeth at the gumline. Chronic gingivitis and periodontal disease can cause external root resorption. This condition, which can be intensely painful for the cat, sometimes will lead to the tooth breaking off, leaving the root behind. A common dental disorder affecting up to 50 percent of domestic cats, external root resorption can be treated and possibly prevented through good dental care.
Most dental problems can be prevented through professional dental cleanings performed by a veterinarian. Certain cat foods also can aid in the prevention of tartar. Cat owners should consult a veterinarian about providing feline dental hygiene.
